![]() ![]() In "The soup was cold", the verb is "was" and the actor is the subject (the soup). Here's some explanation that I hope can make things clearer. Using "got" in the soup sentence would imply it only started becoming cold upon arrival. Both work in all sentences but "was" is much more common for use in passive voice, at least in formal American English. They also made things tricky with their use of "got" and "was". This doesn't change anything besides make it a bit more obvious that it's not a passive sentence. To be consistent, B would be worded "The soup was cold when it arrived". They made things a little tricky for you by rearranging phrases. (You can say "arrived by the door" or "arrived by 10pm" but these qualify where and when, not who. Active: When the soup arrived, it was cold.Passive: The film was leaked online (by a group of teenage turtles).Passive: The criminal was captured (by the police).Passive: The pizza got delivered late (by Johnny Bravo). ![]() If you can add it, or it's present, it's probably passive. Or even better, it already has that in the sentence. The only correct answer is B.Īn easy trick is to see if you can add "by them" (or "by the Mafia" or "by Leonardo DiCaprio" or whatever acting person you find memorable) to clarify who did the thing. But when you drop the phrase, the sentence still works). Passive requires a verb with an unknown actor, or an actor who is not the subject (usually qualified with a "by" phrase. These are just weird to me and I need to read more about them. ![]() But in this case, because "what" and "when" can't be replaced with other relative pronouns, like "that" in "That's the man that I saw", it's maybe actually an embedded question? Or something, I don't know. This one is standing in for an adverb, but "That is what I was saying" is quite similar, in this case standing in for a NP complement to the verb. If you branch from S (sentence) to NP (noun phrase/subject) and VP (verb phrase/predicate), then from VP directly into Verb and Adverb, then the only reason this example isn't entirely flat is because it's actually another clause, so it would be obfuscated by at least Adv Phrase, if not a relative clause like you said.īut beyond that even, these relative clauses (if they even are relative clauses) are weird since they don't have a noun that they're directly modifying. Then they have distinct, enumerated subjects and are not in conjunction.īut because it depends on your definition of a predicate, it does depend on the system you use how exactly you'd define the relationship. Even more so when it's an entire clause, since the verbs aren't stacking in the way that verbs at the same level or in the same clause do in English and both are finite verbs. In this way, actually you would expect it to be dependent on/ subordinate to the verb, since it's describing the verb. Replace it with "then" or "at that time" and it falls firmly in the predicate. Generally though in my experience, this kind of clause would be within the predicate since it's acting adverbially. ![]() It might depend on what syntax you're using. Overall seems a question designed to trick people. Choice B is the only multi-Claudel sentence, so it’s a bit confusing. It’s a little bit comparing apples to oranges because the other choices are passive voice, and have the word order Object Verb (and in the case of C, ending with Subject). However, ‘cold’ is not the direct object, but a complement, an adjective (can also be a noun) which ‘completes’ the subject by giving more information. In ‘the soup was cold’ the beginning borrows the same word order as active voice: Subject (the soup) Verb (was). There’s no direct object because’arrived’ never takes a direct object (hence why it’s an intransitive verb). In ‘when it arrived’ ‘it’ is the subject and ‘arrived’ is the verb. To break it down: there are two clauses - ‘the soup was cold’ and ‘when it arrived’. Here’s the problem: b is a weird sentence because it uses a copular verb and then a second clause with active voice, but an intransitive verb. ![]()
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